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Stefan, Josef
© Copyright Josef Stefan, lithograph by R. Fenzl Stefan, Josef, b. Klagenfurt (Carinthia), March 24, 1835, d. Vienna, Jan. 7, 1893, physicist. Founder of the Austrian "School of Physics", teacher of L. Boltzmann; 1863 university professor, 1866 Director of the Department of Physics of the University of Vienna; Secretary and Vice-President (1885) of the Academy of Sciences. His most important scientific achievements comprise his experimental studies on heat conductivity in gases by means of a ´diathermometer´ and the law of heat radiation intensity (= "T4-Gesetz" - one of the radiation laws based on Boltzmann's Law). S. was also partly responsible for recognition of the Maxwell Theory on the continental Europe; his work contributed to the understanding of acoustic and optical problems, as well as to electricity theory and to hydrodynamics. Literature: A. v. Obermayer, Zur Erinnerung an J. S., 1893.
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