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Schindler, Rudolf MichaelSchindler, Rudolf Michael, b. Vienna, Sept. 10, 1887, d. Los Angeles, USA, Aug. 22, 1953, architect. Studied at Vienna University of Technology from 1906 to 1911 and at the Academy of Fine Arts with O. Wagner from 1911 to 1914. In 1913 also became a disciple of A. Loos, in whose group he first met R. Neutra, with whom he again later had contact in the USA. Lived in the United States from 1914 onwards, working in F. Lloyd Wright's atelier, was responsible for planning the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo in 1917 and from 1923 executed orders for his own clientele, especially in Los Angeles. His oeuvre (esp. residential homes and terrace developments), which was characterised by the liberal use of concrete, timber and glass as building materials, constituted a significant contribution to the development of 20th century architecture. Literature: A. Sarnitz, Rudolf Michael Schindler, Architekt, 1887-1953, 1986 (with catalogue of works) ; P. Gössel (ed.), R. M. S., 1999; E. A. T. Smith (ed.), R. M. S. Bauten und Projekte, 2001.
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